裸眼多段水平井完井使产量增加三倍

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裸眼多段水平井完井使产量增加三倍
摘要
本文介绍了在温度为350°F、总垂深为15700ft的裸眼水平井中采用膨胀式封隔器和水力射孔增产技术进行裸眼完井以及水力压裂增产措施的实施情况。最终所获得的产量显示：该裸眼水平井的产量比相邻的一口直井的产量高出三倍。
为测试水平井技术在致密砂岩地层中的有效性，在美国德克萨斯州Brazos Bell地区的Wilcox Meek 2（砂岩）地层中完钻了第一口井。本文阐述了该井的裸眼完井过程，并通过比较水平井初始产量和相邻直井的产量，分析了水平井技术用于开发致密砂岩地层的有效性。
该井采用5 -in.及3 -in复合管柱作为生产管柱。将3 -in套管下入裸眼水平井水平段，延伸至7 -in衬管处。该井使用了五个膨胀式封隔器并将其安装于管柱上用于封隔井段以达到优化改造的目的。另外，在3 -in套管柱的顶部下入一个膨胀式封隔器（该封隔器的尺寸大于前五个），并将其置于 -in套管内以确保环空的完全封隔。这些封隔器因接触环空中油基钻井泥浆的烃类成分，膨胀式封隔器发生膨胀，膨胀持续时间达18天。此后，采用水力喷射射孔与连续油管技术相结合，在裸眼段实施了四次压裂增产作业。该技术实现了：
（1）无需从井中取出连续油管就可以连续进行多次增产作业；
（2）适用于更大规模的压裂改造；(毕业设计 )
（3）破裂压力波及的表面积达到最大，而地层不会受到泥浆的污染。

Abstract

This case-history paper presents an account of the application of expandable (swelling) packers and a hydrajet perforating

stimulation technique to perform a cementless completion and hydraulic stimulation in a 350^o F, openhole horizontal well of

15,700 ft total vertical depth (TVD). Resulting production was more than three times that of an offset vertical well.

The first Wilcox Meek 2 well in the Brazos Bell Prospect Area was drilled and completed to test the effectiveness of

horizontal well technology in tight-sand formations. This paper presents the cementless completion process and explores the

effectiveness of horizontal-well technology in tight sands by comparing initial horizontal-well production rates to those of

offset vertical wells.

The well, which was the first horizontal Wilcox in the area and probably the deepest horizontal well completion for a

sandstone reservoir in South Texas, used a 5 ½-in. / 3 ½-in combination string as a production string. The 3 ½-in casing was

run in the openhole horizontal lateral section and extended into the 7 ⁵/₈-in liner casing. It employed five swellable packers,

strategically placed on the string to facilitate isolation for optimum stimulation results. An additional swellable packer, larger

than the previous five, was run on the top of the 3 ½-in casing string and was placed inside the 7⁵/₈-in casing to help ensure

complete isolation of the annulus. The swelling packers were activated over an 18-day period by hydrocarbons present in the

oil-based mud (OBM) in the annulus.